Given a non-empty string s and a dictionary wordDict containing a list of non-empty words, determine if s can be segmented into a space-separated sequence of one or more dictionary words.

Note:

• The same word in the dictionary may be reused multiple times in the segmentation.
• You may assume the dictionary does not contain duplicate words.

Example 1:

Input: s = "leetcode", wordDict = ["leet", "code"]
Output: true
Explanation: Return true because "leetcode" can be segmented as "leet code".

Example 2:

Input: s = "applepenapple", wordDict = ["apple", "pen"]
Output: true
Explanation: Return true because "applepenapple" can be segmented as "apple pen apple".
             Note that you are allowed to reuse a dictionary word.

Example 3:

Input: s = "catsandog", wordDict = ["cats", "dog", "sand", "and", "cat"]
Output: false

Recently, I am going to pick up my leetcode skills.

This problem that I still remember It token me more than two days to consider, but this time it was aced in 5 minutes, as well as just in nearly 1 line core code.

It seems like practising is really useful!

from functools import lru_cache

class Solution:
    def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool:
        @lru_cache(None)
        def dfs(s):
            return True if not s else any(dfs(s[len(word):]) for word in wordDict if s.startswith(word))
            
        return dfs(s)

Given a non-empty string s and a dictionary wordDict containing a list of non-empty words, determine if s can be segmented into a space-separated sequence of one or more dictionary words.

Note:

• The same word in the dictionary may be reused multiple times in the segmentation.
• You may assume the dictionary does not contain duplicate words.

Example 1:

Input: s = "leetcode", wordDict = ["leet", "code"]
Output: true
Explanation: Return true because "leetcode" can be segmented as "leet code".

Example 2:

Input: s = "applepenapple", wordDict = ["apple", "pen"]
Output: true
Explanation: Return true because "applepenapple" can be segmented as "apple pen apple".
Note that you are allowed to reuse a dictionary word.

Example 3:

Input: s = "catsandog", wordDict = ["cats", "dog", "sand", "and", "cat"]
Output: false

# TLE solution
class Solution:
    def helper(self, s):
        if not s: return True
        return any(self.helper(s[len(word):]) for word in self.wordDict if s.startswith(word))
            
    def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool:
        self.wordDict = wordDict
        return self.helper(s)

# Basic DP
class Solution:
    def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool:
        dp = [False] * len(s)    
        
        for i in range(len(s)):
            for word in wordDict:
                if s[:i+1].endswith(word) and (dp[i-len(word)] or i-len(word) == -1):
                    dp[i] = True
                    
        return dp[-1]

# Advanced DP
class Solution:
    def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool:
        dp = [True]
        for i in range(1, len(s)+1):
            dp += any(dp[j] and s[j:i] in wordDict for j in range(i)),
        return dp[-1]